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Aurora alert! Butterfly-shaped 'hole' in sun's atmosphere could spark geomagnetic storm Sept. 13-14


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A colossal butterfly-shaped coronal hole has opened in the sun's atmosphere and is currently spewing a fast-moving stream of solar wind toward Earth that could trigger a moderate geomagnetic storm and dazzling auroras this weekend.

 

The high-speed solar wind from this striking feature, spanning some 310,000 miles (500,000 kilometers) across, is expected to reach Earth around Sept. 14.

 

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The SOHO overview of the sun on Sept. 13, 2025. (Image credit: NASA)

 

 

Space weather forecasters anticipate active to G1 (minor) geomagnetic storm conditions with a possibility of G2 (moderate) geomagnetic storm levels being reached between Sept. 13 and 14, according to the U.K. Met Office. NOAA's Space Weather Prediction Center has issued a slightly more cautious estimate, anticipating peaks of only G1 conditions. But the potential for stronger activity remains if the solar wind's embedded magnetic field lines up favorably with Earth's.

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